Loop Statements

When needing to do a task multiple times, it's common to use a loop statement.

These are statements that create a cyclic execution of code until a condition is met.

Some examples are for, do {} while and while{}.

• Within these, break; and continue; can be used.

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for Statement

A for loop repeats until the specified condition evaluates to false.

The Hedgehog Script loop statement using for has this syntax:

for ([initialExpression]; [condition]; [incrementExpression]) {

  statementList 
}

The loop will keep going until the expression makes the condition false.

info

It is common to use let i = 0; as the initialExpression, and i++; as the incrementExpression

Here is an example:

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while & do-while Statements

The statements while and do-while are both loops that are almost the same.

The minor difference is when the condition is checked:

• In a while loop the condition is checked at the beginning

• Versus a do-while loop it is checked at the end

while

The while loop executes a statement list as long as the test condition evaluates to true.

The condition is evaluated before executing the statements.

Here is the syntax for while loop statements:

while (condition) {

  statementList

}

do-while

Identically, the do-while loop runs as long as the test condition evaluates to true.

However, the condition is evaluated after executing the statement list.

Here is the syntax for do-while statement:

do {
   statementList
}
while (condition);

Here are examples for while and do-while loops in Hedgehog Script:

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break; & continue;

Within all three of these loops, the statements break; and continue [label]; can be used.

In a loop context, break; causes the execution to immediately halt and exit the loop.

• It can be useful for throwing errors among other things

On the otherhand, continue; statements in a loop context can do two things:

• Normally when called by itself "continue;" will instead immediately skip the current loop iteration.

• However, continue; can also be used with the optional label (i.e. continue label1;)

  • Whereever that label is located is where control flow will jump to.

Here is an example of both versions of continue [label]; being used:

And here is an example of break;

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tip

For more resources on loops visit Control Flow - MDN

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